Group C - Gilled fungi with a central to eccentric stem, no annulus,
even gill edges, attached or free gills, and white or pinkish spores
1. Spore print white to buff
2. Cap 5-15 cm wide, whitish at first, with age, becoming tannish, often cracking and forming minute scales
or scaly patches; gills attached, whitish to cream; stalk whitish, stout, eccentric, 5-10 cm long, 1-2 cm thick, often
bending from point of attachment; occurring singly or in small groups on hardwoods, often from wounds
on living box elder (Acer negundo) trees ................................................................. Hypsizygus ulmarius
2. Not with above combination of characteristics
3. Cap with conspicuous fibers, scales, fibrous scales, or hairs of a different color than the cap background color
4. Gills free
5. Cap scaly with reddish to reddish-brown scales ......................................Leucoagaricus americanus
5. Cap with long, radially arranged tawny hairs.................................................... Crinipellis zonata
4. Gills attached
6. Cap brownish-grey, streaked with dark, radial fibers; gills white; white rhizomorphs
at base of stalk................................................................................... Megacollybia rodmanii
6. Cap yellowish to yellowish-orange; gills yellow; stalk without rhizomorphs
7. Cap yellowish with blackish, fibrous scales over the center.................... Tricholomopsis decora
7. Cap yellowish-orange with reddish, fibrous scales.......................................Tricholomopsis rutilans
3. Cap smooth, without conspicuous fibers, scales, fibrous scales, or hairs of a different color than
cap background color
8. Basidiocarp very small (caps from 2 mm to 3 cm wide, stalks up to 1.5 mm thick);
caps pleated, sunken in center, gills attached to a collarium (collar)
9. Cap white; stalk tough, shiny, black; gills attached to a collar surrounding the
stalk...........................................................................................................Marasmius rotulu
9. Cap brownish; stalk velvet-brown; gills attached to a collar; mushroom has a
foul odor............................................... .............................................Gymnopus foetidus
8. Basidiocarp not as above: cap not pleated or sunken in the center, collarium absent
10. Stalk very long (8-20 cm) above ground and having an equally long rooting portion
below ground, attached to a root; cap brownish and sticky, sometimes
wrinkled; gills white...................................................................................Hymenopellis furfuracea
10. Stalk not as above; mushroom on wood above ground
11. Mushroom orangish with conspicuous red-orange gill edges or mushroom reddish-brown
with flesh and stalk exuding blood-red juice where cut
12. Gill edges red-orange......................................................................Mycena leaiana
12. Flesh and stalk exuding blood-red juice...................................Mycena haematopus
11. Mushroom without red-orange gill edges or blood- red juice
13. Cap sticky and tawny in color; stalk yellowish above and velvety dark below with short
brown to blackish-brown hairs below; gills cream to yellow ........... Flammulina velutipes
13. Not as above
14. Cap, gills, and stalk lavender when young but fading to brownish or paler
with age ............................................................................Baeospora myriadophylla
14. Not as above
15. Cap conical to bell-shaped to hemispherical, brownish to grayish, paler toward
the margin; stalk not reddish-brown above, base covered or not by white mycelium;
odor and taste unpleasant; single or in cespitose clusters on decayed hardwood logs
and stumps ....... Mycena galericulata and similar species.
15. Cap convex to nearly flat, reddish-brown fading to tan; base of stalk
covered by white mycelium; odor and taste not distinctive
16. Often growing in cespitose clusters on conifer logs
and decayed wood ...................................................Connopus acervatus
16. Scattered to
numerous on wood, landscape wood chip mulch,
sawdust, leaf litter, and twigs in hardwood or conifer
forests;
sometimes forming fairy rings; may have jelly-like growths
due to parasite ..........................................................Gymnopus dryophilus
1. Spore print pink or pinkish/salmon
Note: A large genus, Pluteus, will key out here. Unfortunately, most Pluteus species can only be reliably
separated from each other using microscopic characters. Only a few common and conspicuous
Pluteus species are keyed below. Some of the additional diversity within the genus is illustrated
on the Pluteus spp. page.
17. Cap reddish to pinkish and conspicuously netted with ridges and pits;
gills attached and pinkish....................................................................................Rhodotus palmatus
17. Cap yellowish or brownish; gills free and pinkish at maturity
18. Cap and stalk yellow....................................................................................Pluteus chrysophlebius
18. Cap brownish
19. Cap dark brown; gill edges dark brown to black; stalk whitish,
covered by small dark fibers .............................................................Pluteus atromarginatus
19. Cap brownish; gill edges same color as gill; stalk whitish .............................Pluteus cervinus
This page © 2006 by Gary Emberger, Messiah University |